This post reviews studies the estimate the effect of parental SES on offspring cognitive outcomes, after controlling for parental cognitive ability. The results show that parental SES has only weak associations with offspring cognitive outcomes after controlling for parental cognitive ability. Specifically, parental income consistently has weak or insignificant effects on offspring cognitive outcomes after such controls. By contrast, parental cognitive ability has robust associations with offspring cognitive outcomes even after controlling for parental SES and observablehome/parenting factors.